
Characteristics
Pithecids are small to medium monkeys, ranging from 23 cm in head-body length, for the smaller titis, to 44-49 cm in the uakaris. They have medium to long fur, in a wide range of colors, often with contrasting patches, especially on the face.
They are diurnal and arboreal animals, found in tropical forests from low-lying swamp to mountain slopes. They are predominantly herbivorous, eating mostly fruit and seeds, although some species will also eat a small number of insects. Sakis and uakaris have a diastema between thecanine and premolar teeth, but the titis, which have unusually small canines for New World monkeys, do not.[2] All species have the dental formula: 

Females give birth to a single young after a gestation period of between four to six months, depending on species. The uakaris and bearded sakis are polygamous, living in groups of 8-30 individuals. Each group has multiple males, which establish a dominance hierarchy amongst themselves. The titis and Pithecia sakis, by contrast, are monogamous and live in much smaller family groups.[2]
Classification
There are 43 currently recognized extant species of pithecid monkey, grouped into two subfamilies and four genera.[1][3] Seven extinct genera known from the fossil record are placed in the subfamily Pitheciinae and extending the age of the family to the Miocene.[4]
- Family Pitheciidae: titis, sakis and uakaris
- Subfamily Callicebinae
- Genus Callicebus
- White-eared Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) donacophilus
- Rio Beni Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) modestus
- Rio Mayo Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) oenanthe
- Ollala Brothers' Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) olallae
- White-coated Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) pallescens
- Baptista Lake Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) baptista
- Prince Bernhard's Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) bernhardi
- Brown Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) brunneus
- Ashy Black Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) cinerascens
- Hoffmanns's Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) hoffmannsi
- Red-bellied Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) moloch
- Barbara Brown's Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) barbarabrownae
- Coimbra Filho's Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) coimbrai
- Coastal Black-handed Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) melanochir
- Black-fronted Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) nigrifrons
- Atlantic Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) personatus
- Chestnut-bellied Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) caligatus
- Coppery Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) cupreus
- Madidi Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) aureipalatii
- White-tailed Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) discolor
- Hershkovitz's Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) dubius
- Ornate Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) ornatus
- Stephen Nash's Titi, Callicebus (Callicebus) stephennashi
- Lucifer Titi, Callicebus (Torquatus) lucifer
- Black Titi, Callicebus (Torquatus) lugens
- Colombian Black-handed Titi, Callicebus (Torquatus) medemi
- Rio Purus Titi, Callicebus (Torquatus) purinus
- Red-headed Titi, Callicebus (Torquatus) regulus
- Collared Titi, Callicebus (Torquatus) torquatus
- Genus Callicebus
- Subfamily Pitheciinae
- Genus Cacajao
- Black-headed Uakari, Cacajao melanocephalus
- Bald Uakari, Cacajao calvus
- Aracá Uakari, Cacajao ayresii*
- Neblina Uakari, Cacajao hosomi*
- Genus †Carlocebus
- †Carlocebus carmenensis
- †Carlocebus intermedius
- Genus †Cebupithecia
- †Cebupithecia sarmientoi
- Genus Chiropotes
- Black Bearded Saki, Chiropotes satanas
- Red-backed Bearded Saki, Chiropotes chiropotes
- Brown-backed Bearded Saki, Chiropotes israelita
- Uta Hick's Bearded Saki, Chiropotes utahickae
- White-nosed Saki, Chiropotes albinasus
- Genus †Homunculus
- †Homunculus patagonicus
- Genus †Nuciruptor
- †Nuciruptor rubricae
- Genus †Paralouatta
- †Paralouatta marianae
- Genus Pithecia
- White-faced Saki, Pithecia pithecia
- Monk Saki, Pithecia monachus
- Rio Tapajós Saki, Pithecia irrorata
- Equatorial Saki, Pithecia aequatorialis
- White-footed Saki, Pithecia albicans
- Genus †Propithecia
- †Propithecia neuquenensis
- Genus †Soriacebus
- †Soriacebus ameghinorum
- †Soriacebus adrianae
- Genus Cacajao
- Subfamily Callicebinae
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